Hugh W. Nibley discusses the atonement and the ancient temple.
Hugh W. Nibley, "The Meaning of the Atonement," in Approaching Zion, ed. Don E. Norton, The Collected Works of Hugh Nibley 9 (Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret Book, 1989), 560, 567–568
The kapporeth is usually assumed to be the lid of the Ark, yet it fits much better with the front, since one stands before it. The Septuagint, a much older text, tells us more: I will meet you at the "door of the tent of the testimony in the presence of the Lord, on which occasion I shall make myself known to you that I might converse with you" (Exodus 29:42).
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From all the meanings of kaphar and kippurim, we concluded that the literal meaning of kaphar and kippurim is a close and intimate embrace, which took place at the kapporeth or the front cover or flap of the tabernacle or tent. . . . To be redeemed is to be atoned. From this it should be clear what kind of oneness is meant by the Atonement.