Grant H. Palmer argues that the family dynamics of the Old World Twelve Apostles is mirrored by the New World Disciples in the Book of Mormon.
Grant H. Palmer, An Insider’s View of Mormon Origins (Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 2003), 55-56
Elsewhere in the Book of Mormon, one wonders if the twelve apostles of Jesus could be the model for the Nephite twelve disciples. For instance, the New Testament apostles include men with three duplicate sets of names: Simon Peter, Simon the Canaanite, James the son of Alphaeus, James the son of Zebedee, Judas the brother of James, and Judas Iscariot (Luke 6:13-16; Matt. 10:2-4; Mark 3:16-19; 1:13). The American twelve similarly include three sets of duplicate names: two mane named Jonas, two named Mathoni (Mathoni and Mathonihah), and two named Kumen (Kumen and Kumenonhi) (see 3 Ne. 19:4). The Old World twelve include three sets of brothers: Andrew and Simon, James and John, and Judas and James. Among the American twelve are two sets of brothers and a father and son: Mathoni and Mathonihah, Nephi and Timothy, and Timothy’s son Jonas. These parallels suggest a close relationship with the New Testament texts.