The knowledge of control of agricultural production in various ecological settings sufficient to produce surpluses essential for the development of the Classic Maya social organization also has implications for zooarchaeology. Mesoamerican state-level societies are often used as examples of economies that depend on agriculture in the absence of domestic animals. This is basically true in comparison with economies reliant on pigs (Sus scrofa), sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra hirca), cattle (Bos taurus), and chickens (Gallus gallus). However, different degrees of control may result in equally reliable access to animals. Zooarchaeological investigation of the control of animals and acquisition of diverse wild resources serves as an important complement to studies of Maya agricultural diversity and to the Maya world as a whole (White et al. this volume).